The Advantages and Risks of Online Shopping Essay

The Information revolution is changing our daily lives. With the rapid development of computer and internet, online commerce become quite common and plays an important role in the modern world. The online business has booming development in these few years. US online retail sales raised an average of 11% in the first three months of 2009 (â€Å"US Online Sales Up,† 2009). The growth of online sales may due to the growing number of consumers who shop online. In the case of Asia, survey reported 77.6% of Internet users have online shopping experiences in 2003 (as cited in To, Liao Lin, 2007). Online shopping is very different from traditional shopping. Consumers cannot touch and check the product before purchasing it, which means they are at†¦show more content†¦While in the internet, consumers can use online tools to compare product price and features. It takes less effort for consumers to make better decisions. Another advantage of online shopping is it is enjoyable and fun. According to Wolfinbarger (n. d.), many consumers find enjoyment through shopping online. They even like to visit and browse the shopping websites although they do not have something want to buy in mind. Some advantages of online shopping are presented. Those advantages may relate to consumer’s motivation to shop online. The starting point of motivation is needs. Needs can be classified into the utilitarian needs and the hedonic needs. The utilitarian needs are in the practical side. For example, the needs of basic foods and cloths are utilitarian needs. They are the survival need. Hedonic needs can be regard as on the opposite side of utilitarian needs. They are in the pleasurable side. The needs of purchasing of fashion wear, cosmetics and expensive sport car can all be classified into hedonic needs. Shopping motivation in utilitarian dimension is mission critical, rational and goal oriented while in hedonic dimension is for enjoyment and happiness. In the case of online shopping, research suggested that consumers’ motivations to shop online include both utilitarian and hedonic dimensions (Childers, Carr, Peck Carson. 2001). Consumers may view utilitarian shopping is as a taskShow MoreRelatedAn Investigation Of Online Shopping1621 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction: An investigation of online shopping and how does it influence NTIC students’ daily life. Observations have shown that there has been a rapid development in an economic world. We have witnessed a tremendous change about shopping online. According to UCLA Center for Communication Policy (2001), online shopping has been regarded as the third most prevalent activity on the Internet, only followed by e-mail and website usage. It plays an important role, not only in retail stores, but alsoRead MoreOnline vs Brick and Mortar844 Words   |  4 PagesJacobie COM170 10/27/2014 Laura L. Dorsey Online vs. Brick-and-Mortar Shopping One of the opportunities we have in today’s world is whether to buy online or go to a brick and mortar store to do our purchasing. The two offer great sales and promotions along with selections from which we can choose. As online shopping and brick and mortar may seem similar; however, both differ in pricing, convenience and selection. Discounts are offered both online and in store which makes it easy for theRead MoreConsumer Attitude : An Organization Of Motivational, Emotional, Perceptual And Cognitive Processes1519 Words   |  7 Pagesdecision process. Consumer attitude with regards to online shopping depends on the direct effects of relevant online shopping features. Online shopping features can be classified into consumer’s perceptions of functional and utilitarian dimensions such as â€Å"ease of use† and â€Å"usefulness†, or into their perceptions of emotional and hedonic dimensions like â€Å"enjoyment†. Online Shopping With the development of Internet and web-based technologies, online customers are gradually obtaining unlimited accessesRead MoreOnline Shopping: Risks and Benefits1417 Words   |  6 PagesOnline Shopping: Risks and Benefits There has long been a need for the consumer to purchase goods without ever having to leave their home. The industry started with mail order catalogs such as Sears Roebuck that offered consumers the convenience to order goods without having to travel a long distance to see what was available. The catalog offered everything from clothing to toys, and even farming equipment that made it easier for early American families to purchase goods without having to travelRead MoreTraditional Shopping vs Online Shopping1557 Words   |  7 Pages1. Traditional and online shopping environment In the traditional shopping, one has to leave home, either walk or take a ride to a particular location in order to buy what one wants. There are many ways of traditional shopping such like shopping at shopping center, outlet village, markets or department stores. However, online shopping has been developing at a fast rate through recent years and more and more people are moving towards this mode of shopping. The online shopping is typically done atRead MoreAdvantages and Disadvantages of Shopping Online1600 Words   |  7 PagesAdvantages [edit] Convenience Online stores are usually available 24 hours a day, and many consumers have Internet access both at work and at home. Other establishments such as internet cafes and schools provide access as well. A visit to a conventional retail store requires travel and must take place during business hours. In the event of a problem with the item – it is not what the consumer ordered, or it is not what they expected – consumers are concerned with the ease with which they can returnRead MoreE Shopping- What We Get And What We Miss. Internet Technology977 Words   |  4 PagesE shopping- what we get and what we miss Internet technology had become quite popular in recent years. Whether it is for any professional use or any personal use, everyone uses internet technology. Due to this rapid growth of technology business organisations have switched over from traditional method of selling goods to electronic method. In recent years the online shopping industry has absolutely exploded and there are now such people who are buying online and just forgot what traditional marketRead MoreUpscale Markets-Value Creation In A Mature Industry Essay1304 Words   |  6 Pagesbuild an online store to seek further growing profit. Upscale Markets was a seven-store local grocery chain in Dallas, TX. Ives was inspired by the huge success of a virtual store project in subways running by Tesco named Home Plus in Korea. They showed the products visually by using monitor in subways and allowed people purchased items and got delivered by simply using their phone to scan the QR code under the item. Ives gave a call to his friend who was enjoyed online grocery shopping for a fewRead MoreAdvantages And Disadvantages Of Online Shopping1018 Words   |  5 PagesThe online shopping trend is becoming increasingly popular. People nowadays can get everything they need online, such as clothes, books, groceries, etc. Online s hopping is a new type of technology trend that people are getting addicted to because it makes people’s life easier and saves them time. Shoppers can visit web stores from the comfort of their own home and shop while they are sitting in front of their computer. Many online shoppers do not have to waste time on shopping anymore. Online shoppingRead MoreOnline Shopping : Developing Countries1017 Words   |  5 Pagestransformed how retailers and buyers meet at the market place through physical and online purchases, distribution of products and services(Bashir, 2013). Although deemed to be a familiar channel for success and growth in developed countries, online shopping is still considered an innovation in developing countries like Tanzania (Mlelwa, 2015; Zaied, 2012) According to Katawetawaraks Wang(2011) online shopping has facilitated the presence of many foreign companies looking to boost their brand

Workplace Bullying Can Take On Many Forms. Lateral Violence

Workplace bullying can take on many forms. Lateral violence among nurses is a common example of workplace mistreatment, which affects individual nurses, patient’s care, and the ethical climate of an organization. In 2008, The Joint Commission released a sentinel alert addressing lateral violence, stating, â€Å"Intimidating and disruptive behaviors can foster medical errors, contribute to poor patient satisfaction and to preventable adverse outcomes, increase the cost of care, and cause qualified clinicians, administrators and managers to seek new positions in more professional environments† (Joint Commission, 2008). In this brief, ethical issues related to lateral violence are described with two approaches to solving this issue examined.†¦show more content†¦The code emphasizes a standard of conduct that prohibits nurses from harassment or intimidating behavior with the expectation that nurses value the unique contributions to care that their coworkers provide . Second, nurses are expected to collaborate with their fellow coworkers due to the complexity of the health care delivery system (ANA, 2001). Disruptive behaviors interfere significantly with nurses’ intra-professional cooperation and multidisciplinary partnership. Addressing workplace bullying is a complex issue. Two recommendations along with their respective strengths and weaknesses are outlined below. First develop a set of no tolerance policies and procedures that strictly enforces the standards and codes of conduct of nurses. The policy should be developed from the bottom up with nurses having input in setting up the processes for reporting, documentation, and punitive actions. Involving the nurses, as key stakeholders will enable the policy to be effective and tailored to their needs. The key strength in this recommendation is the incidence of these types of disruptive behaviors would decrease. Additionally, individuals would have a system set in place where they cou ld anonymously report their grievances. However a weakness would be that unless the organizational culture is present in where victimized nurses feel safe enough to report, there will be a low number ofShow MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Lateral Violence On The Workplace1159 Words   |  5 Pageswithin many professions in today’s society. Often referred to as lateral violence, this occurrence is no exception in the nursing profession. It is also known as ‘horizontal violence’ or ‘workplace bullying (Coursey, Rodriguez, Dieckmann, Austin, 2013). In this evidenced-based paper, information will be provided in an effort to identify causes of lateral violence in the workplace and how to encourage civility. Lateral violence is defined as acts that occur between colleagues wherein, bullying isRead MoreCivility And Lateral Violence Within Nursing1068 Words   |  5 PagesCivility and Lateral Violence in Nursing Civility in the work place, or the lack thereof, has been identified as a growing problem within many professions in today’s society. Often referred to as lateral violence, this occurrence is no exception in the nursing profession. It is also known as ‘horizontal violence’ or ‘workplace bullying (Coursey, Rodriguez, Dieckmann, Austin, 2013). In this evidenced-based paper, information will be provided in an effort to identify causes of lateral violence in theRead MoreBullying And The Nursing World : What Is It? Who Is Affected? How Do We Fix It1721 Words   |  7 PagesBullying in the Nursing World: What is It? Who is Affected? How Do We Fix It? Of all professions, nursing has been consistently ranked as the most honest and ethical of all professions polled. In fact, this year our profession was ranked the most honest and ethical for the thirteenth year in a row (Sachs Jones, 2014). But for our consistent rankings, there is a quiet festering problem that has been growing among us; a problem that has largely been disregarded as too infrequent to worry aboutRead MoreWhat Is Lateral Violence Within The Nursing Profession?1690 Words   |  7 Pagesthat many current and future nurses expect to be incorporated within their working environment. It is not unusual for nurses to work as a team with other health care professionals as well as one another to provide the best care for a patient. Therefore, one would think that a primary goal among nurses would in fact be collaboration. Yet, as a general step towards attacking all types of violence, many researchers have exposed violence in the healthcare setting. Also referred to as wo rkplace bullyingRead MoreWhat Are Lateral Violence?2018 Words   |  9 PagesWhat is Lateral Violence? A major issue in nursing among employees is lateral violence and bullying in the workplace. Lateral violence, also known as horizontal violence, is a deliberate act to an individual from one employee to another in which gossip, bullying, and spiteful talk is occurring. The act of lateral violence can come from another employee who may or may not be at the same level as the other. Studies have shown that there is a 44% to 85% rise in nurses that fall into being a victimRead MoreBullying At The Nursing Profession845 Words   |  4 Pages Bullying in the Nursing Profession Carli Jessop Flathead Valley Community College Bullying is a term that many associate with children and while this has been recognized as a serious issue in schools across the country, such conduct unfortunately does not stop there. It has been said that nurses eat their young and while this may sound particularly extreme, bullying as well as lateral and vertical violence in the nursing profession has been an ongoing and increasingly prevalent issueRead MoreHorizontal Violence And Its Effects On Nursing1656 Words   |  7 PagesHorizontal Violence: A Detriment to Nursing Typically, when someone thinks of a bully, childhood memories of scuffles on the playground come to mind. Bullies are not usually people that are associated with adult life. However, nursing has changed this stereotypical view. For many nurses, bullying may be as great a threat every day at work as it was when they were in grade school. This threat is because of what is termed as horizontal or lateral violence in the workplace, and it is a surprisinglyRead MoreWorkplace Bullying And Its Impact On The Nursing Profession1421 Words   |  6 PagesWorkplace bullying is a growing problem in the American workplace and the Nursing Profession no exception. Addressing workplace bullying and its impact on the nursing profession is paramount to upholding patient safety and decreasing nursing attrition rates. Defining the problem is the first step in addressing it. In the past, workplace bullying was referred to as â€Å"Nurses eating their young.† There are many names for the va rious levels of workplace bullying like horizontal and lateral violenceRead MoreHorizontal Violence And Its Effects On Nursing1942 Words   |  8 PagesHorizontal Violence: A Detriment to Nursing Typically, when someone thinks of a bully, childhood memories of scuffles on the playground come to mind. Bullies are not usually people that are associated with adult life. However, nursing has changed this stereotypical view. For many nurses, bullying may be as great a threat every day at work as it was when they were in grade school. This threat is because of what is termed as horizontal or lateral violence in the workplace, and it is a surprisinglyRead MoreEssay on Intimidation of Nurses in the Workplace1894 Words   |  8 Pagesand future research possibilities regarding the topic of intimidation. Definition of Intimidation Intimidation is a form of bullying. Forms of intimidation can be behavior that belittles such as being shouted at or the use of profanities, and wrongly assigning blame (Edwards, 2007). Intimidation in the healthcare field among and between practitioners is most commonly in the form of verbal abuse. Verbal abuse may be an angry tone of voice, yelling and screaming, threats against a person or institution

Role of U.S. Financial System Essay Example For Students

Role of U.S. Financial System Essay Rachel Vishnevsky University of Phoenix Cindy BayerOctober 29, 2006Managerial Finance FIN 475The U.S. financial marketplace consists of borrowing,lending,investing, and management of assets and liabilities. The following articlewill discuss various financial markets and how the Federal Reserve ismonitoring their economic standing on a quarterly and annually basis. Thenecessity of investment bankers and sources of capital available tocorporations will be addressed. Finally, raising short-term and long-termcapital will be conferred. Financial Market consists of various sectors: households and nonprofitorganizations, nonfinancial business, state and local governments, federalgovernment, foreign market places, monetary authority, commercial banking,savings institutions, credit unions, property-casualty insurance companies,life insurance companies, private pension funds, state and local governmentemployee retirement funds, federal government retirement funds, moneymarket mutual funds, mutual funds, closed-end and exchange-traded funds,government-sponsored enterprises, agency and GSE- backed mortgage pools,issuers of Asset-Baked Securities,Financecompanies,realestateinvestment trust, security brokers and dealers, and funding corporations. These various sectors are quarterly and annually reported on through theFlow of Funds issued by the Federal Reserve and considered to be most in-depth data available on the financial markets economic standing. Investment Bankers role is the representative ofafinancialorganization that is in business for earning revenue for corporations. Investment bankers roles consist of advising clients, dealing with bonds,mergers, and the sale of stock. Financial analysis is the foundation ofinvestment bankers. Sources of capital available to corporations fall into two categories:equity financing, and debt financing. Equity financing is the investment ofrevenue for exchange of part ownership. Debt financing is borrowing torepay with interest. Commercial banks, commercial financecompanies,leasing companies, and state and local government lending programs allprovide for debt financing. Sources for equity capital consist of privateinvestors, institutional venture- capital firms, mergers and acquisitions,strategic investors and corporate venture capitalists, overseas investors,and intermediaries. Business owners have a wide variety of capital sourcesavailable to them. The sources of capital vary in cost, terms, andcollateral. Raising short-term and long-term capital fall into three main sources:shareholders equity, borrowed funds, and reserves. Three types of financeare short, medium, and long-term. Short-term finance is generally the fundsrequired to run a business or the operating expense. Short-term finance isgenerally more costly and must not be used for long-term projects. Short-term finance can come from the following bank overdraft, commercial bill,and debtor finance. Medium term finance is capital that is in 3-10 yearrange and comes from the following forms: term loans, personal loans, andleasing. Long-term finance is the purchase of various assets such as plant,machinery, land, businesses, and building that are anticipated to recover aprofit over a given number of years. Financial markets assist in helping borrowers find lenders. Banks andother intermediaries use deposit money for individual who seek to borrowand distribute in the form of mortgages and loans. The goal set forth by most organizations is to leverage the businesscash. The more long-term the greater the financial leverage. Additionalcapital is an investment and several tools are available for informedinvestment decisions. The SEC (Securities and Exchange Committee) hasseveral rules that need to be adhered to and will address questions setforth by organizations. It is crucial to evaluate the use of attainment ofadditional capital in terms of the current business plan in place. Severalquestions must be addressed in regards towards the capital: the need, theurgency, current risks, purposes, current market standing, and overallprofitability in contrast to current risk. .u2905c086ff5193d00c985f56980bd431 , .u2905c086ff5193d00c985f56980bd431 .postImageUrl , .u2905c086ff5193d00c985f56980bd431 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u2905c086ff5193d00c985f56980bd431 , .u2905c086ff5193d00c985f56980bd431:hover , .u2905c086ff5193d00c985f56980bd431:visited , .u2905c086ff5193d00c985f56980bd431:active { border:0!important; } .u2905c086ff5193d00c985f56980bd431 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u2905c086ff5193d00c985f56980bd431 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u2905c086ff5193d00c985f56980bd431:active , .u2905c086ff5193d00c985f56980bd431:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u2905c086ff5193d00c985f56980bd431 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u2905c086ff5193d00c985f56980bd431 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u2905c086ff5193d00c985f56980bd431 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u2905c086ff5193d00c985f56980bd431 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u2905c086ff5193d00c985f56980bd431:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u2905c086ff5193d00c985f56980bd431 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u2905c086ff5193d00c985f56980bd431 .u2905c086ff5193d00c985f56980bd431-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u2905c086ff5193d00c985f56980bd431:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: History Of Math EssayThe role of the U.S. Financial system is to monitor and report data aswell as offer small businesses and corporation the guidance and authorityneeded. Investment bankers are the intermediaries that communicate properguidelines between authorities and corporation in relation to currentinvestments. Several sources of capital are available in the current daymarketplace therefore it is essential for outmost scrutiny and analysisupon decision of analysis for uses of capital in thecorporation. Regulatory agencies are becoming stricter and auditing more corporations. Equity financing and debt financing have requirements that mustbecarefully followed to avoid penalty. U.S. Financial System has properdisclosure of informationneededforraisingcapitalwithinanorganization; it is the investment bankers of financial managers role toseek out the information need for a capital gain on capital raised. ReferencesFinancial Markets Center; U.S. Economy and Financial Markets. (n.d.). Retrieved on October 28, fromhttp://www.fmcenter.org/site/pp.asp?c=8fLGJTOyHpE;b=224802Investment Banking Wikipedia, Free Online Encyclopedia (n.d.). Retrieved onOctober 28, fromhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Investment_bank#Raising_capital_in_the_capital_marketsNSW Small

Techniques Employed by Managers in Ensuring Success of Plans in their Firms

Table of Contents Abstract Introduction Strategy formation Strategy evaluation Project management approach Conclusion Works Cited Abstract The leadership of any organization is always tasked with the responsibility of effecting ventures or projects that are aimed at making their firms grow on various fronts. To achieve this, various resources are at their disposal and what is expected of them is to utilize these resources effectively to attain the set objectives (Blaxill Eckardt, 7).Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Techniques Employed by Managers in Ensuring Success of Plans in their Firms specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More As a result, chief executive officers and other managers need to be armed with techniques and skills which are vital for various plans and ventures to succeed. These techniques range from planning/strategizing to the implementation stage where workforce and other resources form a m ajor part. Introduction Managers of various entities have the task of ensuring that whatever plans and schemes that are put in place for their organizations to move forward are achieved. In order to realize this, they need to be armed with the most adequate and effectual stratagems, generally referred to as strategic management skills (Mintzberg and Quinn, 4). Strategic management refers to a division that involves itself with the main projected and developing programs taken by chief executive officers, technical managers and other business and enterprise leaders in the place of owners and/or shareholders. It involves exploitation of the various resources that are available in an effective manner so as to increase the performance of companies or firms and realize the goals or objectives that have been set. Strategic management involves spelling out the firm’s mission, vision and goals, and expansion course of actions (Markides, 55). All these need to be specified in relation to plans and schemes that are set out to realize these goals, and most importantly, allotting the necessary resources to achieve the aims. During the course and at the end of the projected period(s) of time, an evenhanded scorecard is always used to weigh up the by and large performance of the firm and its standing in terms of advancement toward the realization of set goals (Markides, 56). Management approaches need to start with the prospects of the stakeholders, with the evaluation or scorecard processes also taking all the stakeholders into account.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Effective management is an unending undertaking that assesses and directs a firm and the businesses in which the entity has a part, evaluates its challengers and lays objectives and stratagems to counter them, and then reviews these strategies regularly to establish the progress and eff ect any changes that may be required (Abell, 21). Strategy formation Once a plan(s) aimed at given results have been put in place, the leadership of any entity needs to come up with approaches to be utilized in realizing this. There are three main procedures that are normally used to form required strategies. The first involves conducting a situation study, self analysis and challenger evaluation in the case of business entities (Abell, 21). Such an analysis needs to be thorough and comprehensive, entailing both in-house and external, considering both micro and macro elements of the environment. In line with this evaluation, goals to be met are then set. The most important thing to remember here is that these objectives need to be matching with a time-line that is, involving both short-range and long-standing (Blaxill Eckardt, 7). This is where long-standing vision(s) of a probable future, the responsibility that the firm assigns itself in the general public, and by and large compa ny goals are crafted. Also important at this stage are tactical industry unit goals and calculated objectives. The objectives set above need to make the implication of a tactical plan, in relation to the situation evaluation. The plan offers the fine points on how the set goals are to be achieved (Abell, 21).. The procedures used in strategy formation make a pointer to project management, and over time, it has been shown that employing project management skills in running organizations often yields positive results (Markides, 57).Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Techniques Employed by Managers in Ensuring Success of Plans in their Firms specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Strategy evaluation In the course of determining the effectiveness of any strategy that has been crafted, it is imperative that an all-encompassing analysis is carried out by the management. A tool used by many managers is what is commonl y referred to as the SWOT analysis, which stands for strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of the idea at hand. Strengths refer to the worth or power to induce the taking of a course of action or the embracing of a point of view (Handy, 21). It basically refers to what makes a given plan or undertakings hold the water in terms of its end outcome and benefits. For instance, in the case of a business dealing with production of consumer merchandise, strengths may include high demand, reduced costs of production, supportive legislation, among others. Weaknesses are the flaws or weak points of a given plan or undertaking. Evaluation of weak points is an important tool for managers if they are to realize set objectives for their entities. With a comprehensive definition of weak points, then one is able to come up with counter strategies for them (Handy, 21). Examples of weaknesses in the case of businesses include restrictive legislation, stiff competition, and unavailability o f capital or credit facilities, among others. Opportunities refer to possibilities as a result of a favorable combination of circumstances which support the undertaking of a given plan. An important tool for managers is being able to spot opportunities where others cannot and go ahead to effectively utilize such opportunities for the gain of their companies (Handy, 22). Opportunities that normally arise include demand for given commodities or services, favorable legislation, availability and/or accessibility of resources, among others. Threats are the things that are a source of danger for a given plan or course of action. Threat analyses as a tool enables the leadership of a given entity establish what can be safely carried out and find ways around various threats in a bid to achieve the laid down objectives (Handy, 23).Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More With a comprehensive SWOT analysis, a balance is struck between the strengths-opportunities and weaknesses-threats of given plans. Thus, deterrent measures are undertaken to uphold worthwhile plans or alteration of the whole plan. Other than the SWOT analysis, there are other tools used to assess tactical options by managers. Suitability of the option is one of them and it seeks to find out whether it would work. The thing to check here is the underlying principle of the plan and reflection is on whether the plan would attend to the main issues set to be attended to. Other things to find out here include; if there is a cost-effective aspect to it, if it is appropriate in matters of environment and abilities and if the company would achieve economies of scale (Markides, 59). A given plan needs to be assessed for feasibility, which seeks to find out whether it can be made to work. It also seeks to find out if the resources needed to put into operation the plan are obtainable or can be built up (Markides, 60). Examples of resources here include money, labor, time and data. Important tools under feasibility analysis are cash flow assessment and estimation, break-even scrutiny and resource allocation. A chosen plan needs to be acceptable, which means it has to work. Acceptability seeks to address the prospects of the concerned stakeholders who may include organization owners, shareholders and its clients, with the anticipated performance results. Under acceptability one looks at return, risk and stakeholder responses. Return is concerned with the gains anticipated by the stakeholders, be they monetary or otherwise (Mintzberg and Quinn, 11). For instance, owners or shareholders of an entity would look forward to a rise in their means while the workforce would look forward to advancement in their careers and clients would anticipate enhanced worth for money. Risk is concerned with the likelihood and end result(s) of the letdown of a line of attack. Likely letdowns ne ed to be addressed before the whole implementation exercise commences. Stakeholder responses look at the likely rejoinder of various stakeholders. For instance, shareholders could be in opposition to the making out of new shares, the workforce could be up in arms against outsourcing for uncertainty in employment, and clients could have issues with unification as they may be uncertain about quality. What-if evaluation and stakeholder plotting are some of the tools that managers utilize in this. Project management approach Change takes place constantly in the day to day lives of people but when it comes to an organization, it has to be effected in a progression of steps (Markides, 61). New procedures, marketplace necessities, administration enterprises, emerging knowledge and machinery all form ventures that require sound management, often encompassing departmental or disciplinary sectors. Project management as a discipline is most of the times responsible for bringing about noteworth y gains to entities by four main approaches. The first one is normally making certain that inadequate resources are utilized on the appropriate undertakings. This is made possible by a clearly defined goal(s) which are to be realized at the end (Markides, 61). With well defined objectives then the necessary undertakings are brought to the fore and thus assigned the required resources, be it in the form of money or labor(Abell, 25). With project management skills, effectual harnessing of contributions of various workers/players toward attaining set objectives is ensured. In instances where the plans to be carried out are complex in one way or another, project management knowledge always comes in handy as it covers management of whichever form of changes in a well thought-out manner (Abell, 25). Project management as a field, normally evaluates threats to whatever that is to be carried out, classifies objectives and main success areas and lays down worthwhile goals. Several organizati ons have limited resources and, thus, a restriction to the amount of undertakings it can commence and effectively manage. Beginning many projects or plans in an organization with such limited resources is futile since they will grind to a halt soon or later (Abell, 26). Consequently, being in the know on what an organization is able to afford at a given time is an important tool for it leadership. After it has been established how much the entity is worth, sound management of these resources then comes in. Since most plans for organizations entail new initiatives and learning, plan/project management has developed as an order to deal with the new and extraordinary. The most effective approach to succeeding in these plans is to break down the tasks to be carried out as illustrated here (Markides, 63). The first step or undertaking is to broadly describe the plan that is to be carried out. A well defined objective(s) or project will chart the way toward achievement of the aims since w hat is required is available to all players. The second step involves reduction of the larger plan or project into a set of convenient and handy undertakings. With such manageable chores, allocation of resources and evaluation of progress as time goes by and at the end will be much easier. After the whole plan has been broken down into manageable tasks, it means that the quantity of the resources required has also been established (Blaxill Eckardt, 14). Thus, the next step is to find these resources, be it financial, labor, time, among others. A panel or panels to carry out the planned work should be set up after the plan has been broken down and resources allocated. In allocation of teams to carry out required duties, importance should be pegged on the ability of all the players to carry out duties to the expected levels (Blaxill Eckardt, 14). The right number of people should be allocated the correct amount of work. The next stage is that of mapping the work to be carried out an d allot the resources to the tasks appropriately. For effective work to be carried out there should be no under-allocation or over-allocation. With all the above in place, it means work has commenced. For managers to succeed in various undertakings it is imperative that they keep an eye on and be in charge of the work (Handy, 27). This means that everything will run in course since any rectifications involving going off track will be rectified as soon as noticed. It is also equally important that advancement is reported to the highest administration and/or the venture guarantor. This is in a bid to ensure that any queries are addressed as their earliest. Issues of accountability are also well addressed with this form of arrangement. When the venture has been completed it should be closed down. This is then followed by a thorough evaluation to make certain that vital lessons are drawn from the whole exercise for future use (Mintzberg and Quinn, 19). Conclusion The main aspects that e merge from effective carrying out of by the top leadership ventures within an organization are setting up of appropriate objectives, crafting a scheme to attain these objectives and allotting resources necessary for such achievement (Abell, 28). On the other hand, what comes out clearly is the fact that these three key aspects are mutually dependent. The process of coming up with strategies and achieving the aimed goals must be iterative. It has to entail going back and forth amid questions concerning objectives, execution preparation and resources. For really complex undertakings, a broad evaluation is next to impossible. In such case all that is required is a situation whereby formulation and execution of tactics occurs alongside each other rather than one after the other (Markides, 63). This is for the simple fact that tactics are established on hypotheses which, in the nonexistence of faultless information, will on no account be entirely accurate. Strategic management and its as sociated tools is unavoidably a recurring learning process rather than a one-dimensional advancement on the way to a plainly defined final end. At the same time as suppositions can and should be assessed in advance, the definitive test is accomplishment. The top brass will as one might expect need to fiddle with company aims and/or their move toward chasing results and/or hypotheses about requisite resources. As a consequence, a tactic will be made over at some stage in execution. The thing that counts for the reasons of tactical administration is having an apparent view based on the best obtainable verification and on justifiable hypotheses (Markides, 63). Such a view needs to be of what it seems probable to achieve within the restraints of a given set of conditions. Works Cited Abell, Derek. â€Å"Strategic windows†, Journal of Marketing, Vol 42, pg 21–28, July 1978. Blaxill, Mark Eckardt, Ralph. â€Å"The Invisible Edge: Taking your Strategy to the Next Level Usin g Intellectual Property† (Portfolio, March 2009). Handy, Charles. â€Å"The Age of Unreason.† Hutchinson, London, 1989. Markides, Constantinos â€Å"A dynamic view of strategy† Sloan Management Review, vol 40, spring 1999, pp55–63. Mintzberg, Henry and Quinn, J.B. â€Å"The Strategy Process† Prentice-Hall, Harlow, 1988. pp4-19. This research paper on Techniques Employed by Managers in Ensuring Success of Plans in their Firms was written and submitted by user Desiree Herrera to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

buy custom Small Team and Group Paper essay

buy custom Small Team and Group Paper essay Modern work environment incorporates a great use of team work because of the higher level of effectiveness in performance that team work offers to the organisation compared with separate individual contributions. Team work has been given immense importance in research studies, such as by Tuckman in 1965 relating to the stages of team development and work. It is crucial to set targets of the team, organise teams, assign roles and measure performance of the team effort. The main reason behind using team work in organisations is to benefit from the different perspectives and insights that each member contributes to achieve the targets but working in a team is not an easy task at first. Business schools for this reason prepare their students to work in teams and learn to work out differences and make the best out of each others strengths. Working in teams has allowed our groups to achieve the target we were given quite effectively and successfully and we have found that working in a team is nothing like working individually on a project. But most useful thing that has come out of working in a team is to get a hint of how formal group work takes place in organisations which we all will be soon taking part in. Our team progressed which comprised of 5 members through the five stages of team development based on the team development theory of Tukman. The first stage of forming began as the group first assembled and sat down to discuss the presentation assigned. The topic and related information that each member had about it was jotted down. Each member was asked to self-evaluate themselves relating to the grasp of concepts and based on the strengths of each, the roles were assigned informally and tasks were distributed. The group members were asked to further explore the topic and bring back to the next meeting any disagreement or contribution they have. The next meeting was much more heated with several disagreements as members discovered some new ideas and strengths for which they required separate tasks to be assigned to them. It was then understood that in order to settle down the disagreements a strong leadership was required and the one with the most effective communication skills and leadership skills, based on previous personal experience in the school, one of the members was chosen to be leader. This was the second stage : storming, where arguments were settled. The leader allowed the group members to choose the sub topics themselvs, and a coordinator was chosen to transfer information and bridge all gaps among the group members and using minimum authority and avoiding strict control the members were requested to transform their ideas into writing and paper to bring to the next meeting. In the next meeting, the leader evaluated each members work, in the form of drafts of the subtopics of the presentation. He evaluated the actual strengths and weaknesses of each member based on their work. The member were clearly communicated the evaluation and based on the analysis of the drafts prepared by each member, they were assigned new tasks, that is the subtopics that they were found to be better at. This resolved all conflicts and the team came into harmony. This was the start of the third stage: norming. By the end of this meeting, the leader gave each member the sources to make use of for gathering the information and requested each to use others if necessary and complete the content required for the presentation. This marked the start of the fourth stage: performing. Members were asked to communicate with the coordinator, with each other and the leader at all times so as to help each other out, when needed. The leader communicated by now that these two essential components are to be kept intact and should be followed. Communication allowed social learning to take form among the members. During the perfuming stage, the members benefited from communities of practice theory of learning. Lastly, it requires a practice. The practice implies the performance to achieve the goals of the domain. This theory was largely depicted practically when the team started to function. The members communicated to each other, sought help from others whom they thought knew about something they didnt and had access to a source they required to use for preparing their part. Some people had difficulty using powerpoint, which was settled by others who had expertise in that area. This allowed social learning to cultivate among all members. During the performing stage, several meetings were held, where each member showed and discuss his or her findings and progress of the work and allowed others to critique and suggest improvements. Viewing each others work, the members were able to improve their own work and learned how to better communicate. This allowed preparation for the presentation even before the preparation for preseenting had begun. Each member was given freedom to suggest and critique and explore new sources. This depicted the very important foundation of the management of the group which the leader had established in the earlier stage, empowerment. One by one each of us came up with excellent strategies for improvement and when the implementation period came, we were allowed to request any of the other members to assist us if we required any help. It taught an important lesson about empowerment. The final stage was adjourning, when we were ready to deliver our presentation. At this stage, the group understood and learned several of real organizational lessons. In the group work several problems were faced which related mainly to what to include and what not to include as upon hitting Google, we found that the brands were common in news, blogs, research journals, newspapers, etc. thus, to find out which piece of information was necessary and relevant for the paper and which wasnt was a challenge on its own. Our group leader was the most profound in this regard who created a system whereby each of us, with whatever information we obtained regarding the companies, was supposed to produce original reflections on it, and record it as we proceeded. By the end of week 1 of our research, we had gathered ample original reflections with their sources mentioned. These were peer reviewed to discover the ones not required and were discarded. When we began to prepare the report, the indiv idual reflections came in great use in producing a plagiarism free report and citation was also easily conducted. Being part of group work at three different areas, the group learned the successful traits of a leader, in terms of getting work done effectively from people to meet the deadline. The leaders job is not just to get the work done but to inspire the subordinates to do a work that is worth appreciating. Also, the team learned that through group work the importance of empowerment, and how well workers can work under decision making power vested on their hands and how well it eventually works out for the leader himself in the end. As the team progressed through stages namely: forming, storming, norming, performing and adjourning, a different form of group based learning and motivation took place which contributed towards the overall performance and accomplishment of the target assigned to the group. 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Hush and Just Do It

Hush and Just Do It You can’t build a reputation on what you are going to do. ~Henry Ford Recently, I had a young family member tell me that his grades were down because he hadnt adapted this special way of studying, and that next semester, hed have better grades because of this new-found method of learning. In a nice but firm way, I told him that I didnt want to hear what he was going to do. I only wanted to see what hed done once he accomplished it.   Social media abounds with promises and plans on how someone is going to create, be better, make great strides. In my experience, we lose the energy surrounding those goals Derek Sivers, in a 2010 TED Talk, suggests we keep our goals to ourselves. https://www.ted.com/talks/derek_sivers_keep_your_goals_to_yourself Tests done since 1933 show that people who talk about their intentions are less likely to make them happen. Announcing your plans to others satisfies your self-identity just enough that you’re less motivated to do the hard work needed. Theres somewhat of a myth, a common suggestion, that if you tell people what you are going to do  that it makes you more accountable. Ive never seen that proven. Sure, we have our writers groups and critique groups, but do they make you follow through? Not really. You are the only person who can make yourself follow through. And its nobody elses fault that you dont. A journalist with Forbes, Jamie Farrell, curiously wondered what would happen if she quit talking about herself and what she planned to do. For one day, I decided to stop talking and start doing.   And here’s what I found: First, I found that I was lonely.   I was so accustomed to my ego being stroked And Im not giving you permission to blame social media, either. What Id love for you to do is talk less about the doing  and just do more. On this, our last newsletter in 2017, in a year I did so much less than I have in over a decade, I am making 2018 about DOING. Not talking about doing, but following through. And I look forward to hearing from you when you have all those new announcements to make about what you DID. Happy New Year!

Environmental and Occupational Epidemiology Essay

Environmental and Occupational Epidemiology - Essay Example As per the rating system based on animal and human data by The International Agency for Research on Cancer, where an agent, mixture, or exposure circumstance is assigned to one of five categories, Bis chloromethyl ether, Benzene and Styrene belong to group 1, which means that the agents are carcinogenic to humans (Gottschall et.al, 2002). Of the three, Benzene is the most potential carcinogen causing carcinoma of various internal organs and tissues. It is followed by Bis -chloromethyl ether in potency, which is a known carcinogen of the lungs and Styrene known for its mutagenic effects. The Bologna experiments at the Bentivoglio Experimental Unit of the Bologna Institute of Oncology proved for the first time that benzene is an experimental carcinogen. These experiments demonstrated that benzene was carcinogenic when administered by ingestion and by inhalation and could cause tumors in the various tested animal models. They also showed that benzene is a multipotential carcinogen, as it produces a variety of neoplasias in one or more of the tested animal models, including Zymbal gland carcinomas, carcinomas of the oral cavity, nasal cavities, skin, fore stomach, and mammary glands, as well as angiosarcomas of the liver, hemolymphoreticular neoplasias, tumors of the lung, and possibly hepatomas. The Bologna experiments have also provided a clear-cut dose-response relationship in benzene carcinogenesis (Maltoni et.al, 1989). Bis-Chloromethyl ether

Assessment task 6.1, guidance,this module is assessed by the Essay

Assessment task 6.1, guidance,this module is assessed by the completion of 3,500 words assessment - Essay Example The role of the social worker with regard to the assessment, decision making and planning in this backdrop is analysed based on the data or information available in respect of the case. 1. Residential Care for Older Patients in Hospital Facts of the case in brief Mr. Harris was admitted to hospital having been found on the floor with a slight head injury. Mr. Harris was happily married for 53 years, had an active social life and many friends before his wife died unexpectedly less than a year ago. He has been diagnosed as having Parkinson’s disease. His daughter Beatrice, Mr. Harris’ only child, has two children. Her younger son is 10 years old and has a form of autism. She lives in the town and has been visiting twice a week. Assessment of the Case For the assessment of the cases, collecting complete information is necessary  to develop interventions and treatment planning. ... Proper assessment is very essential for taking various decisions involved in the treatment and for planning and coordination. Perception of inadequacies in the set-up is very important to take corrective measures to improve the situation. Parkinson’s Disease â€Å"Parkinson’s Disease is a progressive disorder of the central nervous system resulting in a lack of dopamine in the brain, among other changes. Dopamine, a chemical produced by cells in the brain, is necessary for smooth, controlled movement of muscles...researchers do not know what causes Parkinson’s disease at this time... â€Å"(The Parkinson’s Institute and Clinical Center, 2008) Confusion and lack of motivation on the part of Harris can be attributed to the disease. According to the Institute, in addition to the well-known symptoms of tremor, slowness and imbalance, other problems such as excessive saliva, a soft voice, as well as hand and foot cramps may occur. Depression, anxiety and a nu mber of sleep disorders are quite common.   The observation of the physiotherapist â€Å"uncooperative with exercise programmes and lacking motivation† is understandable. Local authorities where the patient ordinarily resides reimburse the charges to the hospital if they are responsible for any delay in discharge from the hospitals due to lack of arrangements for community care. Notice has been issued under the Community Care (Delayed Discharges etc.) Act, 2003. Also, Community health care centre is ideal for treatment to Harris, rather than a hospital set-up. The statement made by The National Council for Palliative Care (2009) â€Å"â€Å"NCPC’s Neurological Conditions Policy Group has been

Achievement Motivation Essay Example for Free

Achievement Motivation Essay What is it? This links personality with the degree of competitiveness shown by an individual. Its main focus is the extent to which an individual is motivated to attain success. Some Theories about it   Murray (1938) indicated that it was natural for individual to strive to surpass another (genetically) like trait. Bandura (1977) believed that a competitive drive was a product of learning (social learning). Atkinson and McCelland (1976) has the view of an interactionist and predicts achievement motivation is generated through a combination of personality and situation factors. Atkinson and McCelland view of achievement motivation as a personality trait which is activated by a situation, the situation comprises the probability of success and the incentive value of success. -Probability of success;the extent to which success is likely;For example success is more likely of the task is found by the individual to be easy. -Incentive value of success;the incentive value experienced by the individual after success-been achieved. For example the harder the task the greater will be the incentive value because the probability of success is reduced. There are two personality types to determine achievement motivation and these are; 1.High need to achieve (high Nach) Linked with the low need to avoid failure (Low Naf). With these characteristic, desire to succeed overcomes the fear of failure. These performers=high in achievement motivation (high achievers) 2.Low need to achieve (Low Nach) Also linked with high need to avoid failure (High Naf). These characteristics the fear of failure overcome the desire to success. These performers=low in achievement motivation (low achievers) Characteristics of high and low achievement motivation personality traits. High Nach Personality Characteristics Low Nach personality characteristics High need to achieve Low need to achieve Low need to avoid failure High need to avoid failure Approach behaviour is adopted Avoidance behaviour is adopted Challenges is accepted Challenges is rejected Risks are undertaken Risks are declined Shows persistence and perseverance when task is difficult Curtails effort when task is difficult Success tends to be attributed to external factors Failure tends to be attributed to internal factors Failure is seen as a route to success Failure is seen as the route to further failure Aspire to mastery orientation Adopt learned helpessness Key Terms Approach behaviour-describes behaviour that accepts a challenge Avoidance behaviour-describes behaviour that rejects a challenge Attribution-The process that predict reasons for success or failure Mastery Orientation-The strong motive to succeed found in the high achievement. This type of person will expect to succeed but will persist when failure is experienced Learned helplessness-The belief that failure is inevitable and that the individual has no control over the factors that cause failure. Atkinson and McCelland Their theory of achievement motivation is best at predicting behavioural responses in situations where there is a 50/50 chance of success. This will trigger motivation for those performers with high achievement traits=likely  to display approach behaviour and mastery orientation characteristics in these circumstances. Incentive value=high when chance is evenly balanced. In contrast to performers who show low achievement motivation would experience greatest anxiety in situations with a 50/50 chance of success— later adopt avoidance behaviour and experience learned helplessness. Approach or avoidance behaviours likely to arise when in a evaluative situation=Situation in which an individual believes they are being assessed. Drawbacks 1.Achievement or success can interpreted in many ways. Some performers regard success as victory over others. For example a long jump athlete winning an event. These people are said to have ego goal orientation. Those with this believe that ability and comparison over others=criteria for success. 2.Others judge on the basis of person improvement in a given task-For example a second long jump athlete may view success as the achievement of an improved performance. These people are said to have task orientation. Those with the task orientation value internal goals and believe that effort and comparison with self=criteria for success. Sport Specific Achievement Motivation(Competitiveness) Competitiveness in this context means- motivation to achieve in sport. Gill and Deeter (1988), using their own test called the ‘Sport Orientation Questionnaire’ (SOQ), confirmed that athletes were far more competitive than non-athletes. As as statement, this would appear obvious. Evidence of greater significance-athletes favoured performance goals (task orientation) while non-athletes emphasised the importance of winning (ego orientation) The type of goal set by the teacher as the measure of success in sport-related activities has, therefore, a significant influence upon the decision to adopt and sustain an active and healthy lifestyle. The important association between sport-specific motivation (competitiveness), confidence and goal setting.

Circuit Board Fabricators Case Essay -- Business Case Study

CBF has hired you to help determine why they are not able to produce the 1,000 boards per day. 1. What type of process flow structure is CBF using? The company is using a batch shop process flow structure. CBF, Inc. bases its board fabrication process on the average job size or on its typical order. This means that the company proceeds with the manufacturing process in batches so as to meet the specific requirements per order. The typical contract that the company currently gets is 60 boards per order. However, due to persisting factory defects, they manufacture a total of 75 boards per batch in order to compensate for 20% of the boards that they typically reject during the process. 2. Diagram the process in a manner similar to exhibit 6.7. According to the book, the diagram is an operation and route sheet that specifies operations and process routing for a particular part. It conveys such information as the type of equipment, tooling and operations required to complete the particular part. The "Setup Hr." is derived from dividing the setup (minutes per job, as illustrated in exhibit 6.9) by 60 minutes. Likewise, the hourly capacity of each operation (Rate Pc. Hr.) is solved by dividing 60 minutes by the run (minutes per part, as shown in exhibit 6.9). 3. Analyze the capacity of the process. The first thing to consider is the process of cleaning and coating of the boards. This particular process involves the set-up of the machines, the loading of the boards, and the actual cleaning and coating of the said boards by the machines. From the computations above, it is clearly illustrated that there is a disparity between the loading of the boards into the machines and the output of the cleaning and the coati... ...es. 2) Enhance or re-engineer the cleaning and coating machines to improve capacity. Basically, the focus of the recommendations is to reduce the disparities between the capacities of the processes involved. Ideally, their outputs must be equal if not, similar to the preceding and succeeding procedures in order to achieve an efficient manufacturing process. The company is also faced with a 20% reject rate that is absolutely unacceptable. A lot of the produced boards go to waste, and a lot of resources are compromised. Moreover, it contributes to the manufacturing strain, as the production team must start with at least 20% more than the required output just to give allowances to the defects. CBF, Inc. should implement a more rigid supervising/monitoring program with the manufacturing processes in order to pinpoint and arrest the cause of these defects.

Dr. Pepper Essay

By using the same supplier means that DPS have to follow what the competitors such as Coca Cola and Pepsi have done for the worldwide market in particular in US. This may cause costs to grow in the future but the supplier could have the advantages in producing their product by using own distribution and packaging in long term. DPS has the opportunity to expand into international markets and to growth in the Hispanic population. Bargaining Power of Supplier Threats Economic stability is a threat that will affect DPS. At this moment of recession, consumers don’t spend money and at the same time prices for natural gas, corn, pulp and other commodities that are necessary for the company increase. Also, health concerns, preferences may affect the industry. -Substitute Products Opportunities The company may see the best opportunity in high growth and high margin categories, as well as energy drinks, ready to drink teas, juice drinks and other functional beverages. Positive external trends or changes that may help an organization improve its’ performance. Substitute Products Threats Dr. Pepper Snapple group should be aware on the substitutes product offered by the competitors. The company should maintain an excellent relationship with wholesalers and retailers such as supermarket, convenience store because they are the company promoting and selling the product to the buyer. This is in case if competitors use similar characteristics and taste as DPS, the competitors may possibly dominate the market and eliminate DPS from the industrial market. -Political-Legal Opportunities The company will follow all requirements with all laws regarding political contributions. There are surely some states that allow DPS to make political contributions surrounded by specific limits and reporting supplies by using a state beverage association. The company can not use their own facility, funds or any assets to support any political candidate unless it has an approval from Government Affairs and the General Counsel’s office. The nominal legal contributions of DPS products are allowed. -Political-Legal Threats -Technological Opportunities The company recognized that they needed to increase its efforts in advertising and distribution. Therefore, the company launched a television commercial by using famous celebrities to endorse DPS by referring to the taste and flavor and stating â€Å"Trust me, I’m a doctor. † This commercial was use in the late 1980 and early 1990s, which the strategy that worked for the company. If they come out with new commercials or old commercials with new generation it may help DPS to get more sells. -Technological Threats The larger advertising budgets of competitors can be a threat to maintaining market. Some of the technological threats may be billboards, super bowl and television.

Humanities and Architecture †Gio Ponti Essay

Sculpture is created by merging durable or plastic material, commonly stone either rock or marble, limestone, ivory, and/or granite. Sculptures are created through carving and/or assembled, built together and welded, or molded by sculptors. In addition, sculptures are three-dimensional art-work that can be seen commonly in public places. In renaissance period, many sculptors were known in Europe. Some of the sculptors known in continental Europe were Giovanni and Michelangelo. Example of a sculpture is the Pantheon that was made by Marcus Agrippa, a Roman sculptor. On the other hand, architecture can be defined through as process and as a profession. As a process, architecture is the act of drafting and constructing buildings and other physical structures, principally to draft buildings. In literary context, architecture takes into account more of the designs of the structures. From the macro level of how a building combines with its surrounding landscape (e. g. rural design, and landscape architecture) to the micro level of construction details and, sometimes, furniture, architecture plays a major role in its construction. Basically, architecture is the activity of drafting any variety of system. System integration Merging architecture and sculpture in modern world is called Archi-Sculpture. Innovations applied in construction and project designs through modern day technologies and discoveries new materials allowed architects to draft buildings with sculpture type designs. One of the purpose of mixing architecture and sculpture in buildings make sense in designing structures that are historical, exquisite and scenic depending on the type/kind of buildings. Example of structures in which Archi-sculpture can be seen includes Sagrada Familia in Barcelona and Crypt of the Church of Colonia Guell by Gaudi. Implicitly, sculpture and architecture are two different areas of studies which are overlapping in nature. Sculpture became more useful and tectonic, making a link with the geometric designs which are fundamentals of architecture. Likewise, architecture became revolutionary with the used of sculptural concepts and/or ideas. In example, the dramatic architecture of R. Steiner defined the propinquity between anthropomorphous architecture and figurative sculpture. In our modern day living, the Blob architecture of Greg Lynn and Lars Spuybroek are examples of Archi-sculpture. The pre-World War II era (1900’s) was recognized as the Age of Sculpture, today. In the history of architecture, the curved walls in Gallery exemplify a good example of sculptural style in modern day structural design. On the whole, sculpture and architecture are two different studies that can be mixed, wherein statues and buildings complement to each other, designs and drafts could include sculpture concepts, and sculptures are better seen along and within structures. Demarcation between sculpture and architecture Sculptors are the laborers of their own work. They are the ones who carves, mould rocks, stones, and marbles to make statues and figures. Unlike architects, they are only responsible for the design of the buildings. They are not the ones who make the buildings; the engineers are the ones who implement/follow the designs of the architects. In addition, sculptures are more of aesthetics, beautifications, historical and part of culture. Architecture focus on how to design structures, involves drafting, used of materials, designs, used of geometric forms, and concerns with space. While the rationale of sculpture is to entertain, architecture’s focal point is to create/draft structures. Consequently, sculpture is more of subjective (art) than objective nature (and vice versa for architecture concepts). Gaudi and Mies architectural style Gaudi’s gothic architecture was remembered as stylistic insult during the later part of renaissance. It was described with pointed arch, the ribbed vault and flying buttress. Many of the old churches, universities, castles, and palaces were designed using gothic architecture. The Sagrada Familia, one of Gaudi’s greatest designs, combines sculptural and architectural ideas. Until today, the construction of Sagrada Familia is still continuing. With the project’s vast scale and peculiar design, Barcelona made its way in top tourist attractions in the world. Its style was celebrated as irregular and fantastically obscure. Gaudi’s architectural style describes a complete and straightforward method, providing an example of the spontaneous and basic methods. His artistic style allowed him to attain balanced forms comparable to which nature offers. Gaudi’s architecture portrays the totality of his artistic contribution of combining materials, methods and poetics (which is sculptural). His approach to furniture design was a graceful spatial continuum that goes beyond structural expression and integrates with the sculptural idea. Conversely, Mies structural designs of traditional custom houses were pulled away by critics/progressive theorists for attaching historical ornament unrelated to a modern structure’s underlying construction. The earth-resting structure of Mies defies the concept of earth-rooted type of architecture. Critics suggest Mies designs which do not reflect to the environment. The structures built by him do not complement with the landscape or the environment itself. Mies architectural designs are more of an isolated type of structures which doesn’t fit to most of the people’s interest. Earth-resting architecture does not relate to the earth or landscape of the buildings which appears to be off-nature to the progressive theorists/critics of Mies.

Bulgars, Bulgaria and Bulgarians

Bulgars, Bulgaria and Bulgarians The Bulgars were an early people of eastern Europe. The word bulgar derives from an Old Turkic term denoting a mixed background, so some historians think they may have been a Turkic group from central Asia, made up of members of several tribes. Along with the Slavs and the Thracians, the Bulgars were one of the three primary ethnic ancestors of present-day Bulgarians.   The Early Bulgars The Bulgars were noted warriors, and they developed a reputation as fearsome horsemen. It has been theorized that, beginning in about 370,  they moved west of the Volga River along with the Huns. In the mid-400s, the Huns  were led by Attila, and the Bulgars apparently joined him in his westward invasions. After Attilas death, the Huns settled in the territory north and east of the Sea of Azov, and once again the Bulgars went with them.   A few decades later, the Byzantines hired the Bulgars to fight against the Ostrogoths. This contact with the ancient, affluent empire gave the warriors a taste for wealth and prosperity, so in the 6th century they began to attack the nearby provinces of the empire along the Danube in hopes of taking some of that wealth. But in the 560s, the Bulgars themselves came under attack by the Avars. After one tribe of Bulgars was destroyed, the rest of them survived by submitting to yet another tribe from Asia, who departed after about 20 years. In the early 7th century, a ruler known as Kurt (or Kubrat) unified the Bulgars and built a powerful nation that the Byzantines referred to as Great Bulgaria. Upon his death in 642, Kurts five sons split the Bulgar people into five hordes. One remained on the coast of the Sea of Azov and was assimilated into the empire of the Khazars. A second migrated to central Europe, where it merged with the Avars. And a third disappeared in Italy, where they fought for the Lombards. The last two Bulgar hordes would have better fortune in preserving their Bulgar identities. The Volga Bulgars The group led by Kurt’s son Kotrag migrated far to the north and eventually settled around the point where the Volga and the Kama rivers met. There they split into three groups, each group probably joining with peoples who had already established their homes there or with other newcomers. For the next six centuries or so, the Volga Bulgars flourished as a confederation of semi-nomadic peoples. Although they founded no actual political state, they did establish two cities: Bulgar and Suvar. These places benefited as key shipping points in the fur trade between the Russians and Ugrians in the north and the civilizations of the south, which included Turkistan, the Muslim caliphate at Baghdad, and the Eastern Roman Empire. In 922, the Volga Bulgars converted to Islam, and in 1237 they were overtaken by the Golden Horde of the Mongols. The city of Bulgar continue to thrive, but the Volga Bulgars themselves were eventually assimilated into neighboring cultures. The First Bulgarian Empire The fifth heir to Kurts Bulgar nation, his son Asparukh, led his followers west across the Dniester River and then south across the Danube. It was on the plain between the Danube River and the Balkan Mountains that they established a nation that would evolve into what is now known as the First Bulgarian Empire. This is the political entity from which the modern state of Bulgaria would derive its name. Initially under the control of the Eastern Roman Empire, the Bulgars were able to found their own empire in 681, when they were officially recognized by the Byzantines. When in 705 Asparukh’s successor, Tervel, helped restore Justinian II to the Byzantine imperial throne, he was rewarded with the title caesar. A decade later Tervel successfully led a Bulgarian army to assist Emperor Leo III in defending Constantinople against invading Arabs. At about this time, the Bulgars saw an influx of Slavs and Vlachs into their society. After their victory at Constantinople, the Bulgars continued their conquests, expanding their territory under the khans Krum (r. 803–814) and Pressian (r. 836–852) into Serbia and Macedonia. Most of this new territory was heavily influenced by the Byzantine brand of Christianity. Thus, it was no surprise when in 870, under the reign of Boris I, the Bulgars converted to Orthodox Christianity. The liturgy of their church was in Old Bulgarian, which combined Bulgar linguistic elements with Slavic ones. This has been credited with helping to create a bond between the two ethnic groups; and its true that by the early 11th century, the two groups had fused into a Slavic-speaking people who were, basically, identical to the Bulgarians of today. It was during the reign of Simeon I, the son of Boris I, that the First Bulgarian Empire achieved its zenith as a Balkan nation. Although Simeon evidently lost the lands north of the Danube to invaders from the east, he expanded Bulgarian power over Serbia, southern Macedonia and southern Albania through a series of conflicts with the Byzantine Empire. Simeon, who took for himself the title Tsar of All the Bulgarians, also promoted learning and managed to create a cultural center at his capital of Preslav (present-day Veliki Preslav). Unfortunately, after Simeons death in 937, internal divisions weakened the First Bulgarian Empire. Invasions by Magyars, Pechenegs and Rus, and reignited conflict with the Byzantines, put an end to the sovereignty of the state, and in 1018 it became incorporated into the Eastern Roman Empire. The Second Bulgarian Empire In the 12th century, stress from external conflicts reduced the Byzantine Empires hold on Bulgaria, and in 1185 a revolt took place, led by the brothers Asen and Peter. Their success allowed them to establish a new empire, once again led by Tsars, and for the next century the house of Asen reigned from the Danube to the Aegean and from the Adriatic to the Black Sea. In 1202 Tsar Kaloian (or Kaloyan) negotiated a peace with the Byzantines that gave Bulgaria complete independence from the Eastern Roman Empire. In 1204, Kaloian recognized the authority of the pope and thus stabilized the western border of Bulgaria. The second empire saw increased trade, peace, and prosperity. A new golden age of Bulgaria flourished around the cultural center of Turnovo (present-day Veliko Turnovo). The earliest Bulgarian coinage dates to this period, and it was around this time that the head of the Bulgarian church attained the title of patriarch. But politically, the new empire wasnt particularly strong. As its internal cohesiveness eroded, external forces began to take advantage of its weakness. The Magyars resumed their advances, the Byzantines took back portions of Bulgarian land, and in 1241, Tatars began raids that continued for 60 years. Battles for the throne among various noble factions lasted from 1257 to 1277, at which point peasants revolted due to the heavy taxes their warring overlords had imposed on them. As a result of this uprising, a swineherd by the name of Ivaylo took the throne; he wasnt ousted until the Byzantines lent a hand.   Only a few years later, the Asen dynasty died out, and the Terter and Shishman dynasties that followed saw little success in maintaining any real authority. In 1330, the Bulgarian Empire reached its lowest point when Serbs slew Tsar Mikhail Shishman at the Battle of Velbuzhd (present-day Kyustendil). The Serbian Empire took control of Bulgarias Macedonian holdings, and the once-formidable Bulgarian empire began its last decline. It was on the verge of breaking apart into lesser territories when the Ottoman Turks invaded. Bulgaria and the Ottoman Empire The Ottoman Turks, who had been mercenaries for the Byzantine Empire in the 1340s, began attacking the Balkans for themselves in the 1350s. A series of invasions prompted the Bulgarian Tsar Ivan Shishman to declare himself a vassal of Sultan Murad I in 1371; yet still the invasions continued. Sofia was captured in 1382, Shumen was taken in 1388, and by 1396 there was nothing left of Bulgarian authority.   For the next 500 years, Bulgaria would be ruled by the Ottoman Empire in what is generally viewed as a dark time of suffering and oppression. The Bulgarian Church as well as the empires political rule was destroyed. The nobility either were killed, fled the country, or accepted Islam and were assimilated into Turkish society. The peasantry now had Turkish lords. Every now and then, male children were taken from their families, converted to Islam and raised to serve as Janissaries. While the Ottoman Empire was at its height of power, the Bulgarians under its yoke could live in relative peace and security, if not freedom or self-determination. But when the empire began to decline, its central authority could not control local officials, who were sometimes corrupt and at times even downright vicious.   Throughout this half a millennium, Bulgarians held stubbornly to their Orthodox Christian beliefs, and their Slavic language and their unique liturgy kept them from becoming absorbed into the Greek Orthodox Church. The Bulgarian peoples thus retained their identity, and when the Ottoman Empire began to crumble in the late 19th century, the Bulgarians were able to establish an autonomous territory.   Bulgaria was declared an independent kingdom, or tsardom, in 1908. Sources and Suggested Reading The compare prices links  below will take you to a site where you can compare prices at booksellers across the web. More in-depth info about the book may be found by clicking on to the books page at one of the online merchants. The visit merchant links will take you to an online bookstore, where you can find more information about the book to help you get it from your local library. This is provided as a convenience to you; neither Melissa Snell nor About is responsible for any purchases you make through these links. A Concise History of Bulgaria(Cambridge Concise Histories)by R. J. CramptonCompare prices The Voices of Medieval Bulgaria, Seventh-Fifteenth Century: The Records of a Bygone Culture(East Central and Eastern Europe in the Middle Ages, 450-1450)by K. PetkovVisit merchant State and Church: Studies in Medieval Bulgaria and Byzantiumedited by Vassil Gjuzelev and Kiril PetkovVisit merchant The Other Europe in the Middle Ages: Avars, Bulgars, Khazars and Cumans(East Central and Eastern Europe in the Middle Ages, 450-1450)edited by Florin Curta and Roman KovalevVisit merchant Armies of the Volga Bulgars Khanate of Kazan: 9th-16th Centuries(Men-at-Arms)by Viacheslav Shpakovsky and David NicolleCompare prices The text of this document is copyright  ©2014-2016 Melissa Snell. You may download or print this document for personal or school use, as long as the URL below is included. Permission is   not  granted to reproduce this document on another website. For publication permission,  please   contact  Melissa Snell. The URL for this document is:http://historymedren.about.com/od/europe/fl/Bulgars-Bulgaria-and-Bulgarians.htm

Benefits of Reading Aloud

Benefits of Reading Aloud Reading  hasnt always been a silent activity and  the experience of reading aloud can be enjoyed by people at any age. Back in the fourth century, tongues started wagging when Augustine of Hippo walked in on Ambrose, the bishop of Milan, and found him . . . reading to himself: When he read, his eyes scanned the page and his heart sought out the meaning, but his voice was silent and his tongue was still. Anyone could approach him freely and guests were not commonly announced, so that often, when we came to visit him, we found him reading like this in silence, for he never read aloud.(St. Augustine, The Confessions, c. 397-400) Whether Augustine was impressed or appalled by the bishops reading habits remains a matter of scholarly dispute. Whats clear is that earlier in our history silent reading was considered a rare achievement. In our time, even the phrase silent reading must strike many adults as odd, even redundant. After all, silently is the way most of us have been reading since the age of five or six. Nevertheless, in the comfort of our own homes, cubicles, and classrooms, there are both pleasures and benefits in reading aloud. Two particular advantages come to mind. Benefits of Reading Aloud Read Aloud to Revise Your Own ProseReading a draft aloud may enable us to hear problems (of tone, emphasis, syntax) that our eyes alone might not detect. The trouble may lie in a sentence that gets twisted on our tongue or in a single word that rings a false note. As Isaac Asimov once said, Either it sounds right or it doesnt sound right. So if we find ourselves stumbling over a passage, its likely that our readers will be similarly distracted or confused. Time then to recast the sentence or seek a more appropriate word.Read Aloud to Savor the Prose of Great WritersIn his superb book Analyzing Prose (Continuum, 2003), rhetorician Richard Lanham advocates reading good prose out loud as a daily practice to counter the bureaucratic, unvoiced, asocial official style that anesthetizes so many of us in the workplace. The distinctive voices of great writers invite us to listen as well as to read. When young writers ask for advice on how to develop their own distinctive voices, we usually say, Keep reading, keep writing, and keep listening. To do all three effectively, it certainly helps to read out loud.

Target Marketing for Agrium Inc Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 19

Target Marketing for Agrium Inc - Essay Example Agrium has approximately 500 retail units in South America and the United States of America and they operate under the brand names of Crop Production Services, West Farm Services and Agroservicios Pampeanos SA (Agrium, 2012). The retail units deal directly with farmers in selling its agricultural nutrients and specialty fertilizers. Its affiliate, the Crop Production Services has the vision to be a leader in the production of agricultural inputs in all segments of its market and in doing this; it has embarked on a policy to retain talented employees in its services so as to provide high-quality services to its customers. The organization seeks to build its brand name by assisting college students to achieve higher education by paying their fees.  Through its wholesale unit, the company provides nitrogen and phosphate fertilizers to retailers who in turn sell these products to farmers. The wholesale unit, in achieving its targets, treats its customers as partners in the business and it does this through honesty and integrity in dealing with them. The company has a distribution network of over 100 supplied by thirteen production unit and these results into the timely supply of the products to their customers. The company has initiated technological devices such as Ag Tracker and loading hours to enable customers to access critical product information and operating hours of various plants of the organization.  The advanced technological unit produces specialty fertilizers and focuses on environmental sustainability (Agrium, 2012). This unit targets consumers, agricultural and horticulture market and organizations engaging in sports such as golf, due to the profession turf. In achieving its objective, the company markets and sells its products through distributors in the United States of America and Canada.

Training professionals have a leading role in innovation and change Essay - 4

Training professionals have a leading role in innovation and change - Essay Example the importance of training this important component to ensure consistent innovation that subsequently result into enhancing the organization’s competitive edge. This paper explores the role of professional training in promoting innovation and change in the current organizational setup. According to Omachonu and Einspruch (2010: 6), innovative duties require versatile people with ability to function in a wide conceptual environment. In addition, technical ability and proficient communication skills are important attributes for innovators. Unlike the previous specialists who specialized in a particular discipline, ability to multitask is a highly sought attribute in a professional in the current business environment. This implies that such a person can make valuable technical contributions and strategic decisions in diversified areas of business engagement. Therefore, promoting innovation culture in an organization does not only require recruitment of passionate innovators but also individuals with business acumen, enterprising character and negotiation skills (Resnick 2008). Recruiting a professional with these attributes requires more than just perusing resume or initiating volunteering programs in the organization. Therefore, organizations have become cognizant o f the need to incorporate training programs to promote innovation and positive change in their businesses. Various writers have investigated the role of training professionals in the current business environment in delivery of innovations. Bondarouk and Looise (2005: 163) classified the roles in context of three major human resources management issues, namely work structuring, organizing design and personnel issues. According to Bondarouk and Looise, (2005: 165) work should be structured in manner that encourages creativity and innovation. This includes changing the supervision model and creation of semi-independent teams in an organization. Work structure plays an important role in

Mystic Monk Coffee SWOT Analysis Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Mystic Monk Coffee SWOT Analysis - Case Study Example The vision of the company was declared to be: â€Å"acquiring a large parcel of land - a new Mount Carmel – and building a monastery with accommodations for 30 monks, a retreat center for lay visitors, a Gothic church, a convent for Carmelite nuns, and a hermitage† (Turnipseed 2011, 237). While this vision clearly defines the goal of the monastery for the next year or several years, it needs some improvement as it sounds more like a strategic plan than a vision statement. In order to achieve the above listed strategic objectives, the monastery needs to have an appropriate strategy and business model. At the present moment, the monastery does not have clearly identified strategy. Current business model is based on the sales of roasted coffee beans to Catholic visitors, wholesale shops, and churches. The monastery purchases fair trade Arabica beans at $2,99, roasts it, packages, and resells at $9,95 per 12-ounce bag. The sales are carried out mainly online, via the corporate website of the monastery. If customer purchase three coffee bags or more, they are granted free shipping service. Also, there exists a â€Å"coffee club†, whereas customers are offered to a monthly delivery of one to six bags of preselected coffee (Turnipseed 2011, 237). All these elements make up the current business model of the Wyoming Monastery Coffee business operations. Before recommending any improvements on the strategy and business model, it is necessary to analyze t he key internal strengths and weaknesses of the monastery and evaluate major threat and opportunities. The first initial strategic option was to consider Mystery Monk Coffee operations as a potential source for funding the project. For implementing this strategy it is necessary to produce a calculation of the monastery’s production capability.  

Rene Descartes And Rationalism

Rene Descartes And Rationalism Rene Descartes method of doubt centers on destroying knowledge to reconstruct knowledge thus, gaining certainty. To do so, one has to first doubt everything. This in my opinion promotes a certain kind of disunity in the world of knowledge, thus leading to no definite knowledge. Descartes states that in order for man not to be deceived by the supreme and powerful being (the devil), man will have to doubt everything, to be more specific, doubt everything in the physical sense. Descartes emphasizes that the only thing true in the world is thinking. Indeed the senses tend to make mistakes, but Descartes fails to see that these mistakes have a possibility in helping man conform into the world of knowledge. The method of doubt downplays every aspect of success in the realm of knowledge. There are several scientists who made scientific breakthroughs and contributions to the world of science by making these mistakes. This method of doubt is borderline pessimistic by nature. A mistake is in itself an error for man, but what Descartes fails to see is that these mistakes can help in making man better. Certainty cannot be obtained by doubting everything. Rene Descartes fails to present an endpoint. Meaning, he doesnt say when man has to stop doubting everything. Rene Descartes states To conquer that habit, therefore, I had better switch right around and pretend (for a while) that these former opinions of mine are utterly false and imaginary. He then states that he will stop doing so, until he finds a something that can counter-balance the weight of old opinion. All Rene Descartes does here is to present a means to an endpoint. But he never states what that endpoint is. Thus, rendering this kind of thinking unusable simply because one will never know when to stop doubting. The endpoint being certainty can also be doubted. This is because, how will one know that, that he is indeed nearing certainty or he has gotten to the truth. Rene Descartes offers absolutely no information whatsoever. All he does is again, state a means to an end. In Rene Descartes method of doubt the train of thought is always moving backwards. Backwards in the sense that in doubting everything, or by apparently destroying knowledge in order to reconstruct it, there is no sense of moving forward to certainty. The train of thought is always in the negative plain. In doing so, Id like to point out, man cannot reach certainty or at least know when to stop destroying knowledge to reach that certainty, by doubting everything. There should be a means of moving forward to that certainty, but in doubting everything all you are doing is going back and in fact lowering the plane of knowledge by doubting it. So what remains true? Perhaps just the one fact that nothing is certain? In thinking like this, Rene Descartes disproves that the only thing he is trying to find. In applying the method of doubt, I affirm that is indeed better to doubt something first before making a quick verification of something. In making a quick verification of things or in trusting your own senses quickly, at times you will err in doing so. But I would like to emphasize that I only affirm only until this aspect of Rene Descartes method of doubt. I believe it is in fact better to examine ones senses first before making a quick conclusion. Rene Descartes was right in saying that your senses are not clear enough to prove things. There are indeed things that elude the senses of man. But insofar, as doubting to the very core, I believe that no one will actually reach certainty. According to Rene Descartes, the only true science is mathematics. He states that, Mathematics is the only science that is indeed true. Insofar as certainty is concerned, there is no doubt that Mathematics is indeed certain in its plane of knowledge. But the certainty Mathematics emits is far different from the certainty we are looking for. Mathematics shows how the intellect can conform into something that is certain without the use of senses. But beyond that thinking, Mathematics is in no way useful. Mathematics as a starting point for reaching something that is certain outside numbers, will in no way bear any fruit. Mathematics is limited to the intellect. As far as certainty is concerned, it is indeed true. The big difference between Mathematics and all the other sciences is that, Mathematics is the only science that conforms to certainty. There is no way one can prove that 1 + 1 is not equal to two. In applying Mathematics as the basis for the method of doubt, I deny that Mathematics is useful. The mode of thinking in Mathematics is far distinct than the thinking used in the method of doubt. Meaning, the thinking in answering the mysteries of the world, or in this case, whether or not everything is an illusion, is far different from the realm of knowledge in Mathematics. Even if Mathematics conforms into something that is certain, I believe that Mathematics is still not a viable science in knowing whether or not something is true this is because the method of doubt of Rene Descartes is quite complex. Mathematics should not be the central science simply because it is the only science that conforms into something that is certain. Insofar as the statement Its not true if its not certain is concerned, there is no way one can reach at something that is beyond probable and without dispute. This is because the method of doubt has no clear path to begin with. The path to certainty with the use of the method of doubt, ultimately leads to nowhere. Furthermore, in the meditations, Rene Descartes emphasizes on doubting everything man sees because the devil works to deceive man. But I would like to point out, if man lives under these conditions, and supposing that there is indeed an entity that is out to trick man, man will not have a basis in understanding what is true. I believe man should never cower in fear of the unknown, and if a man does indeed doubt everything for the sole reason that there is an entity out to deceive man rather man should rise from this thinking and think accordingly. When someone is the author of his own thoughts and that author of thoughts is indeed wrong in something. I would like to argue that it is not because a supreme powerful being deceived that author of thoughts rather it is a mistake because of ignorance. The author of thoughts simply did not know what that thing is. It is not because of some supreme powerful deceiver rather the author of thoughts deceived himself because of his lack of knowledge. Mistakes in general happen because of a lack of knowledge. In conclusion, I believe Rene Descartes method of doubt is in fact useful only to a certain extent, but anywhere beyond it is downright absurd and a danger to the thinking of man. Certainty cannot emerge from doubt simply because in doubting everything, you also doubt truth as well. And in doubting truth or finding the real truth it beats the purpose of using the method of doubt of Rene Descartes. On Mathematics, I believe that Mathematics cannot be used as the central science in the method of doubt simply because it is the only science that conforms to something that is certain. And lastly, the method of doubt does not show any sign of an answer or a basis of what is true, rather all it states is to doubt everything until man reaches that very truth. Meaning, man will ultimately continue to doubt everything he senses without a limit. In doing so, if man does indeed doubt without a cause, I see no point in using the method of doubt.

Faulkner The Quintessential Southern Writer :: essays papers

Faulkner The Quintessential Southern Writer William Faulkner: The Quintessential Southern Writer On September 25, 1897 in New Albany, Mississippi, a son was born to Murry Cuthbert and Maud Butler Faulkner. This baby, born into a proud, genteel Southern family, would become a mischievous boy, an indifferent student, and drop out of school; yet â€Å"his mother’s faith in him was absolutely unshakable. When so many others easily and confidently pronounced her son a failure, she insisted that he was a genius and that the world would come to recognize that fact† (Zane). And she was right. Her son would become one of the most exalted American writers of the 20th century, winning the Nobel Prize for Literature and two Pulitzers during his lifetime. Her son was William Faulkner. As a child, Faulkner was well aware of his family background, especially the notoriety of his great-grandfather who had moved to the Mississippi Delta from Tennessee in 1841 (Zane). William Clark Faulkner was a Civil War Colonel, a lawyer, a planter, a politician, a railroad entrepreneur, and a best-selling novelist best known for The White Rose of Memphis. He died in the streets of Ripley, Mississippi, where a former business partner he had forced out of his railroad gunned him down (Padgett). While Faulkner had never met his great-grandfather, he was a powerful influence. When his third grade teacher asked what he wanted to be when he grew up, the young William replied â€Å"I want to be a writer like my great-granddaddy†(Padgett). After dropping out of school, Faulkner worked as a clerk in his grandfather’s bank and in his spare time wrote short stories and poetry and contributed drawings to the University of Mississippi’s yearbook (Locher). His talent was recognized early on by his good friend Phil Stone, Faulkner’s first literary mentor. Stone encouraged and instructed him in his interests and was a constant source of current books and magazines (Faulkner 699). After short stints in the Royal Canadian Air Force and then as a postal service employee, Faulkner, with Stone’s financial assistance, published The Marble Faun, a collection of his poetry. Sales were poor, however, and it was evident that Faulkner’s real talent was in writing fictional short stories and novels. His first novel, Soldier’s Pay, was published in 1926 and was an â€Å"impressive achievement†¦strongly evocative of the sense of alienation experienced by soldiers returning from World Wa r I to a civilian world of which they seemed no longer a part† (Faulkner 699).